HAL.HLP: This line must appear at the top of any HAL help file

=A

abb, abbr, abbrev, abbreviate, abbreviating, abbreviation, 
  abbreviations = abbreviate text
ability, abilities = macro creation, macro execution, undo an action, 
  edit requests, tables, row/col names, ranges, essential keys,
  function keys 
abolish, abolishing = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records
above = move around 
access, accessing = link data, file retrieve, graph retrieve  
account, accounts, accounting = report, data table 1, data table 2, 
  extract records, extract unique, sort records, delete records 
acr, across = enter data, move data, move around, copy data, erase data,
  enter lists
add, adding = increase numbers, insert rows/cols, total, report,
  data table 1, data table 2, enter formulas
address, addresses = link data, move around, ranges, function keys,
  specify location
adjusting = printer advance, align text, increase numbers, decrease numbers,
  enter formulas, format numbers
adv, advance, advancing = printer advance, move around
again = repeat request
align, align text = align text, format numbers, transpose data

=ALL TOPICS HERE

all, hal, me =  abbreviate text, align text, 
  audit dependents, audit formulas, audit links, audit relations, 
  audit precedents,
  average, capitalize text, column width, convert, copy data,
  data table 1, data table 2,
  decrease numbers, delete records, delete rows/cols, edit entries,
  enter formulas, enter data, erase data, 
  extract records, extract unique,
  file import, file list, file retrieve, file save,
  find entries, format numbers,
  graph data, graph names, graph data range,
  graph retrieve, graph save, graph labels, 
  help, hide columns, highlight, if / then, increase numbers,
  insert rows/cols, iterate, link data, macro creation, Macro Execution,
  macro messages, matrix invert, matrix multiply, maximize, minimize,
  move around, move data, name ranges, print data, printer advance,
  print font/style, print margins, project numbers, protect entries, quit,
  recalc formulas, repeat request, replace entries, report, request box,
  sort records, std deviation, total, 
  transcript files, transcript notes,
  transpose data, underline data, undo an action, variance, worksheet status,
  configure, define words, enter lists, 
  essential keys, row/col names,
  function keys, help, more requests, 
  point mode, ranges, specify location, tables

allow, allowing = hide columns, protect entries
alpha, alphabetize, alphabetizing = sort records
alter, altering = edit entries, undo an action, edit requests, align text,
  capitalize text, column width, convert, decrease numbers, format numbers,
  increase numbers, replace entries, transpose data
amt, amount, amounts =  average, convert, decrease numbers,
  edit entries, enter data,
  erase data, delete rows/cols, find entries, 
  format numbers, enter formulas,
  increase numbers, matrix invert, 
  matrix multiply, maximize, minimize,
  project numbers, recalc formulas, 
  std deviation, total, variance
analysis, analyze, analyzing, audit, auditing = audit precedents,
  audit relations, audit formulas, audit dependents, data table 1,
  data table 2, report 
and, conjunctions, then = more requests 
answer, answering, answers = extract records, extract unique,
  worksheet status 
anywhere = move around, move data 
area, areas = essential keys, function keys, 
  tables, row/col names,
  ranges, name ranges 
around = move around, move data
arrange, arranging, arrangement = sort records, format numbers, align text,       transpose data, report
ask, asking = worksheet status, extract records, extract unique, translate
away = graph save, file save, request box, essential keys
arrow, arrows = edit entries, edit requests, move around, point mode
ascending = sort records
ascii = file list, print data, file import
audit = audit dependents, audit precedents, audit relations, 
  audit formulas, audit links
auto, automatic, automatically = macro creation, macro execution, iterate,
  configure
autoexec = configure
available = worksheet status
average, averaging, avg = average, report, data table 1, data table 2,
  enter formulas

=B

back = graph retrieve, file retrieve, file save, graph save, undo an action
backspace = undo an action, edit requests, edit entries, essential keys
backup = file save, graph save
backwards, backward = sort records, move around, edit entries, 
  edit requests, function keys
balance = enter formulas, link data, report, data table 1, data table 2
bar = graph data
before = print font/style, function keys, undo an action, quit, file save
begin, beginning =  help, tables, request box, row/col names,
  essential keys, edit requests, function keys, ranges, specify location
below, beneath = underline data
blank, blanks, blanking = erase data, delete rows/cols, insert rows/cols, 
  delete records, undo an action
block, blocks = ranges, tables, row/col names, name ranges 
bold, bolding = highlight 
border, borders = print font/style, tables 
bottom = move around 
box = edit entries, request box, edit entries, enter data, 
  function keys, edit requests
breakdown = data table 1, data table 2, report, extract records, 
  delete records, extract unique
bring, bringing = file retrieve, graph retrieve
build, building = capitalize text, data table 1, data table 2, report
built-in = enter formulas
bye, goodbye = quit, file save

=C

calc, calculate, calculating, calculation = recalc formulas, 
  enter formulas, average, total, std deviation, increase numbers, 
  decrease numbers, maximize, minimize, variance
call, calling = name ranges, graph names, file save, graph retrieve,
  file retrieve
cancel, cancelling = file save, quit, undo an action
cap, caps, capping, capitalization, capital, capitalize, capitalize text,
  case = capitalize text
capability, capabilities = function keys, essential keys, request box
cell, cells = row/col names, ranges, tables, column width, delete
rows/cols,
  format numbers,
  hide columns, link data, move around, move data, name ranges,
  protect entries, enter data, enter lists, edit entries
cen, cent, center, centered, centering = align text
change, changing, changes = edit entries, undo an action, edit requests, 
  align text, capitalize text, column width, convert, decrease numbers,
  format numbers, increase numbers, replace entries, transpose data
char, chars, characters = abbreviate text, align text, 
  capitalize text, column width,
  edit entries, edit requests, enter data, enter lists

chart, charts = graph data, graph names, 
  graph data range, graph retrieve, 
  graph save, graph labels, data table 1, data table 2, report,
  extract records, extract unique, sort records
choice, choices, choose, choosing = function keys, file list,
  find entries, report,
  replace entries, point mode, essential keys,
  extract records, extract unique, delete records
clean, cleaning = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records
clear, clearing, clr, cls = erase data, delete records, undo an action, quit
close, closing = delete rows/cols, file save, quit
color, colors, coloring = highlight, protect entries
col, cols, columns, column = ranges, tables, row/col names, 
  column width,
  hide columns, insert rows/cols, delete rows/cols,
  project numbers, enter data, enter lists
combine, combining = link data
comma, commas, , = format numbers, enter data 
command, commands = macro execution,
  macro creation, iterate,
  repeat request, function keys, essential keys
comment, comments = transcript notes
composing = enter data, align text, format numbers
compress = print font/style, column width, hide columns
condition, conditions, conditional = extract records, extract unique,
  delete records, if / then
configure = configure
confirm = file list
connect = link data
constant, constants, constantly = recalc formulas, convert 
contents = extract records, extract unique,
  convert,
  column width,
  enter data,
  edit entries,
  edit requests,
  function keys,
  file list,
  worksheet status
contract, contracting = column width
conv, convert, converting = convert
cop, copy, copying = copy data
counting = report, enter formulas, data table 1, data table 2 
create, creating = enter data, file retrieve, enter formulas, graph data,
  report, file save
cross-tab, crosstab, cross = data table 1, data table 2
currency = format numbers, enter formulas
cursor = edit requests, edit entries, point mode, move around, tables
cut, cutting = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records, move data

=D

data = abbreviate text, align text,
  audit precedents, audit relations, audit formulas, audit dependents, 
  extract records, extract unique, average, capitalize text,
  convert, copy data, decrease numbers, delete records,
  delete rows/cols, edit entries, enter data, erase data,
  find entries, format numbers, enter formulas, 
  graph data, highlight, increase numbers, 
  matrix invert, link data, matrix multiply, maximize, minimize,
  move data, name ranges, iterate, print font/style,
  print data, project numbers, protect entries, recalc formulas,
  replace entries, report, file save, sort records,
  std deviation, tabulating, total, transpose data, underline data 
db, database = extract records, extract unique, data table 1,
  data table 2, report, delete records, sort records 
date, dates = format numbers 
days = enter data, enter lists
decimal = format numbers
decrease, decr, dec, decreasing = decrease numbers, column width
deemphasize, de-emphasize, de-emphasizing, deemphasizing, de-emphasis,
deemphasis, de-emph, deemph = highlight 
define, defining, definition, definitions = define words, iterate 
del, dele, delete, deleting = delete rows/cols, erase data, 
  delete records 
depend, dependencies = audit dependents, audit precedents, 
  audit relations, audit formulas
deposit, deposits = enter formulas, enter data, enter lists
descending = sort records 
destroy, destroying = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records
deviation = std deviation, variance 
difference = enter formulas
dir, directory = file list 
discard, discarding = delete rows/cols, delete records, erase data
disk = link data, file retrieve, file list, print data
displace, displacing = move data
display, displays, displaying = file list, move around, find entries,
  highlight, graph data,
  file retrieve, hide columns
distribute, distribution, distributing = enter data, std deviation
divide, div, dividing, division = decrease numbers, enter formulas 
do = macro creation, macro execution 
dol, dollar, dollars, $ = format numbers 
done = quit, file save 
don't = hide columns 
dos = quit 
double = underline data 
down, downward = copy data, enter data, enter lists, move around, move
data 
drag = move data 
draw, drawing = graph data, graph names, graph data range, 
  graph retrieve,
  graph save, graph labels, underline data
drive, drives = file list
drop, dropping = extract records, extract unique, delete records,
  delete rows/cols, erase data
dup, duplicate, duplicates, duplicating = copy data
d/m/y, d-m-y, dd/mm/yy, dd-mm-yy = format numbers

=E

each = enter formulas
earnings = report,
  total, data table 1, data table 2
ed, edit, editing = edit requests, function keys, abbreviate text, align text,
  capitalize text, column width, edit entries, enter data, format numbers,
  highlight, decrease numbers, increase numbers
emph, emphasize, emphasizing, emphasis = highlight
empty, emptying = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records
end, ending = quit, file save
english = define words, macro execution, macro creation, translate
enlarge, enlarging = column width, increase numbers
enter, entering, entry = edit entries,
  enter data, enter lists, enter formulas
equivalent, equivalents = define words
erase, erasing = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records, enter data,
  undo an action
escape = quit
establish, establishing = link data
eval, evaluate, evaluating = recalc formulas
every = enter formulas
exec, ex, execute, executing = macro execution, macro creation
exhibit, exhibitting = format numbers
exit, exiting = quit, file save
expand, expanding = column width
e, exponential = format numbers
extend, extending = column width, project numbers
extract, extracting = extract records, extract unique, report,
  delete records, data table 1, data table 2
 

=F

f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7, f8, f9, f10 = function keys
factor, factors, factoring = decrease numbers,
  increase numbers,
  enter formulas,
  project numbers
fetch, fetching = file retrieve, graph retrieve
field, fields, fieldnames = row/col names,
  sort records,
  report,
  extract records, extract unique,
  tables, data table 1, data table 2,
  ranges
file, files, filing = graph save, define words,
  transcript files, transcript notes,
  link data,
  print data,
  file retrieve, file save, file list,
  quit, configure
fill, filling = enter data
find, finding = find entries, extract records, extract unique,
  audit formulas, audit dependents, audit precedents, audit relations
finish, finished, finishing = file save, quit, print data
first = find entries
fixed = format numbers
focus, focussing = move around, find entries
forecast = project numbers
form, forms = printer advance, format numbers
formfeed = printer advance
format, formatting = format numbers, column width, align text, report
formula, formulas = audit formulas, find entries,
  enter formulas, format numbers,
  highlight,
  average,
  convert,
  recalc formulas,
  decrease numbers, increase numbers,
  link data,
  maximize, minimize,
  project numbers,
  std deviation, total, variance
forward, forwards = move around, move data, printer advance

=G

generate, generating = extract records, extract unique, report
get, getting = extract records, extract unique, worksheet status, move around, report, 
  graph retrieve,
  file retrieve, find entries
gimme = worksheet status, extract records, extract unique, report
give, giving = name ranges, extract records, extract unique, report, file list,
  enter data, worksheet status
global = worksheet status
go, going = find entries, replace entries,
  function keys, essential keys, file retrieve, move around, printer advance,
goto = move around, printer advance,
  move data, find entries, replace entries, function keys
graph, graphing = graph data, graph names, graph data range, graph retrieve,
  graph save, graph labels, file list
group, grouping = report, sort records, tables, row/col names,
  ranges, data table 1, data table 2
grow, growing = project numbers

=H

header, headers, heading, headings = row/col names 
here = insert rows/cols, ranges, tables, specify location, point mode
hide, hiding = hide columns 
highlight, hlight, hlighting, highlighting = highlight, underline data
history = repeat request, function keys, edit requests 
hold, holding = file save, graph save 
home = move around, specify location 
horizontal, horizontally = underline data, insert rows/cols, 
  delete rows/cols, enter data, enter lists
how = extract records, extract unique

=I

if, if/then, if / then, if-then = if / then
it = specify location
include, including, inclusion = file retrieve, graph retrieve
increase, increasing, inc = increase numbers
increment, incrementing = enter data, increase data, project numbers
indicate, indicating = name ranges, tables, row/col names, ranges, 
  specify location
information = file list, worksheet status
input, inputting = enter data
ins, insert, inserting = enter data, insert rows/cols
intensity = highlight
interface = request box
inverse = highlight
invert, inverting = matrix invert
isolate, isolating = move around, find entries, extract records, extract unique
items = enter data
iterate, iterating, iteration = iterate, recalc formulas, repeat request, 
  define words

=J

justify, justification, just = align text

=K

keep, keeping = file save, graph save
key, keys = move around, edit requests, edit entries, transcript files,
  function keys, essential keys

=L

label, labels, labeling = enter data, graph labels
language = function keys, define words, macro execution, macro creation,
  translate
latest, last = edit request, repeat request, function keys
layout = format numbers, column width, abbreviate text, capitalize text,
  hide columns, highlight, underline data
leave, leaving = quit, file save
left = align text, move around, enter data, enter lists, edit requests,
length = print font/style
let, letting = enter formulas, name ranges
letter, letters = capitalize text, abbreviate text, row/col names 
line, lines = graph data, underline data, printer advance 
link, links, linked, linking = link data 
list, lists, listing = report, print data,
  extract records, extract unique, transcript files, transcript notes,
  enter data, file list, sort records
load, loading = file retrieve, graph retrieve
locate, locating = find entries, replace entries, extract records,
  extract unique, file list, move around, specify location
location, locations = move around, move data, ranges, tables, 
  row/col names,
  specify location
lock, locks, locking = protect entries
log, logging, logs, logged = transcript files, transcript notes, 
  file list, quit, file save
logoff, logout = quit, file save
login, logon = configure
look, looking = file list, find entries, replace entries, move around, 
  extract records, extract unique
lower, lowercase = capitalize text

=M

macro, macros = name ranges, macro creation, macro execution,
  iterate, macro messages
make, making = column width, capitalize text, graph data,
  copy data, sort records, data table 1, data table 2, graph data range,
  format numbers,
  enter formulas,
  graph data,
  print font/style, printing,
  recalc formulas,
  report,
  underline data, graph labels
mar, margins, margin = print margins
mark, marking = name ranges, graph names, highlight, underline data
math, mathematics, arithmatic = enter formulas, matrix invert,
  matrix multiply,
  average,
  total,
  maximize,
  minimize,
  std deviation, variance
matrix, matrices = matrix invert, matrix multiply
max, maximum, maximizing, maximize = maximize
mean, meaning, means = enter formulas, average
memory = worksheet status
menu = essential keys
middle = align text
min, minimum, minimize, minimizing = minimize
minus = enter formulas, decrese numbers
modify, modifying = replace entries, edit entries, edit requests
month, months = enter data
more = insert rows/cols, worksheet status,
  repeat request, function keys, more requests
moving, move, movement = move around, find entries,
  move data, printer advance
mult, multiply, multiplying = increase numbers,
  enter formulas,
  project numbers
multiple = more requests
my = worksheet status

=N

name, names, naming = name ranges, graph names,
  file save, row/col names, macro execution, file list named-range,
named-ranges, range-name, range-names = row/col names, 
  macro execution, ranges 
narrow, narrower, narrowing = column width 
new = edit entries, edit requests,
  enter data, erase data, file retrieve, graph retrieve
no/yes = quit, file save
number, numbers =  average, convert, decrease numbers, edit entries,
  enter data, erase data, delete rows/cols, find entries, format numbers,
  enter formulas, increase numbers, matrix invert, 
  matrix multiply, maximize,
  minimize, project numbers, 
  recalc formulas, std deviation, 
  total, variance

=O

off = quit
on = graph retrieve, file retrieve, quit 
operation, operations = average, decrease numbers, increase numbers,
  maximize, minimize, std deviation, total, iterate  
option, options = print font/style, print setting  
order, ordering, organize, organizing = sort records  
out = delete rows/cols, delete records, erase data, quit, file save
overwrite, overwriting = file save

=P

page, pages, paper = printer advance, print font/style
paper, advancing paper, advance = printer advance 
parameters = worksheet status
parenthesized, parens, parentheses = format numbers 
paste, pasting = enter data,
copy data, moving payroll = macro execution, macros, name ranges, report, enter
formulas 
pct, percent, percentage, % = enter formulas, project numbers, 
  increase numbers, decrease numbers,
  format numbers
period = more requests
pictograph = format numbers
pie = graph data
place, placing, placement, position, positioning = move around, move data,
  copy data, enter data, align text, underline data
places = format numbers,
  enter formulas
plot, plotting = graph data
point, pointer, pointing = point mode, essential keys
portion, portions, portioning = combining,
  extract records, extract unique,
  name ranges, tables, row/col names, ranges 
prepare, preparing = capitalize text, tabulating, report 
previous, previously = repeat request,
  edit entries, edit requests, function keys,
  ranges
print, printing, printer = print data, print margins, print font/style,
printer advance
prn = printing, file list
proceeding = about hal, essential facts
produce, producing = capitalizing, tabulating, report
project, projecting, projection = combining,
  link data,
  project numbers
proper, proper case, propercase = capitalize text
prot, protect, protecting, protection = protect
entries prompt = file save, quit proper, prop =
capitalizing pull, pulling = erase data, delete
rows/cols, graph retrieve,
  delete records, file retrieve
purge, purging = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records
put, putting = enter data, move around, capitalizing, find entries, graph save,
  insert rows/cols, sort records, storing, tabulating, underline data, report

=Q

query, querying = extract records, extract unique, analyzing, report
question, questions, questioning = extract records, extract unique
quit, quitting = quit, file save
quota, quotas = extract records, extract unique,
  enter formulas,
  report, project numbers

=R

range, ranges = row/col names, ranges, tables, 
  delete rows/cols, 
  hide columns, link data, move around, move data, name ranges,
  protect entries, enter data, enter lists, insert rows/cols,
  graph data range, highlight, point mode
rank, ranking = sort records
read, reading = macro execution, macro creation, file retrieve,
  file import, transcript files
rearrange, rearranging = sort records, report, format numbers
recalc, recalculate, recalc formulas, recalculation = recalc formulas
recording, record, records = enter data, transcript files, transcript notes, 
  report, data table 1, data table 2, extract records, extract unique,
  delete records
rectangular, rectangle, rectangles = ranges, tables, row/col names
redo, redoing = repeat request
reduce, reducing = decrease numbers
refer, referring, referencing = name ranges, graph names,
  row/col names, specify location
reformat, reformatting = format numbers 
region, regions = tables, row/col names, ranges 
relate, relating = graph data, report, data table 1, data table 2
relations, relationships = audit dependents, audit precedents, 
  audit relations,
  audit formulas,  enter formulas
release, releasing = erase data
reloc, relocate, relocating = move data, specify location
remaining = worksheet status
remark, remarks = transcript notes
remember, remembering = worksheet status, file list, define words,
  macro creation, macro execution
remove, removing, removal = delete rows/cols, decrease numbers,
  erase data, delete records, highlight
rename, renaming = name ranges, graph names 
reorder, reordering = sort records
repeat, repeating = repeat request, iterate, define words 
replace, replacement, replacing = file save, replace entries 
replay = macro creation, macro execution 
replicate, replicating = copy data, extract records, extract unique
report, reports, reporting = report, extract records, extract unique,
  data table 1, data table2
reproduce = copy data 
request, requests, requesting = request box, function keys, essential keys,
  transcript files, transcript notes, macro creation, macro execution,
  edit requests, repeat request, more requests
rerun, rerunning = repeat request
reset, resetting = format numbers, graph data range
restore, restoring, restoration = file retrieve, undo an action, graph retrieve
result, results = print data, printer advance, print font/style,
  print margins, graph data, graph names, graph data range, graph retrieve,
  graph save, graph labels, file save
retain, retaining = file save, extract records,extract unique, graph save 
retrieve, retrieving = link data, file retrieve, graph retrieve, 
  define words
return = file retrieve, quit
reveal, revealing = hide columns
reverse, reversing, reversal = sort records, undo an action
review, reviewing = edit requests, function keys
rid, ridding, scratch, scratching, strike, striking = delete rows/cols, 
  delete records, erase data
right = move around, align text,
  move data,
  edit requests
rounding, roundoff = format numbers
row, rows = ranges, tables, row/col names, 
  insert rows/cols, delete rows/cols
run = macro execution, macro creation

=S

same = edit entries, repeat request
save, saving = print data, transcript files, transcript notes,
  quit, graph save,
  file save
sci, scientific = format numbers
screen =  essential keys, function keys,  request box
scroll, scrolling = move around, function keys
search, searching = find entries, replace entries, extract records, 
  extract unique
secure, securing =   protect entries
select, selecting = highlight, file retrieve, file list, extract records,
  extract unique
series = macro execution, macro creation
session = quit, file retrieve, file save
set, setup, setting, settings = print font/style, enter formulas,
  enter data, graph data range, graph labels, graph data
sheet = printer advance,
  print data, print font/style, print margins
shorten, shortening = abbreviate text, column width
show, showing = worksheet status, find entries, format numbers,
  extract records, extract unique, report, hide columns,
  file list, move around, graph data, audit dependents, audit relations,
  audit precedents, audit formulas, tables, translate
shrink, shrinking = column width
signs = format numbers
single = underline data
slash = essential keys
smaller = column width
sort, sorting = sort records, report
space, spaces, spacing = delete rows/cols, insert rows/cols, move data, move around, align text
standard, standard deviation, std, std dev = std deviation, 
  enter formulas 
start, starting =  help, tables, request box, row/col names,
  specify location, essential keys, edit requests,
  function keys, ranges, configure
startup = configure
status = worksheet status
stop, stopping = quit, file save
store, storing = link data, graph save,
  file save, print data
stretch, stretching = column width
string = find entries, replace entries
style = print font/style
subsidiary = link data
subtotalling = report, enter formulas, total, data table 1, data table 2
subtract, sutracting, sub, subbing = decrease numbers,
  enter formulas
sum, summing = total, report, data table 1, data table 2, enter formulas
summary = link data, report, data table 1, data table 2
suppress, suppressing = hide columns
synonym, synonyms, synonymous = define words

=T

table, tables, tabulating, tabulate, tab, tabbing = data table 1,
  data table 2, report, tables, row/col names, 
  ranges, specify location
take, taking = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records, 
  decrease numbers, move around, find entries
term, terms = define words
text = sort records, underline data, abbreviate text, align text, 
  capitalize text, column width, highlight, enter lists, enter data,
  extract unique, extract records, edit entries, find entries, 
  replace entries 
this = specify location, tables
that = repeat request
then = more requests
tick, ticks = printer advance
title, titles, titling = graph labels
to = move around, name ranges
tof = printer advance
together = report
top = find entries,
  move data,
  move around, printer advance
total, tot, totalling, totals = total,
  recalc formulas, enter formulas, data table 1, data table 2, report
transaction, transactions = transcript files, transcript notes
transcript, trans = transcript files, transcript notes
transpose, transposing = transpose data
trash, trashing = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records
trun, trunc, truncate, truncating = abbreviate text
type, typing = enter data, print data

=U

unbold, unbolding, unhighlight, unhighlighting, unhlight, 
  unhlighting  = highlight
under, underneath, underline, underlining = underline data
undo, undoing = undo an action 
unhide, unhiding = hide columns 
unhigh, unhighlight = highlight 
unprotect, unprotecting, unprot, unlock, unlocking = protect entries
up, upward = copy data, enter data, enter lists, move around, 
  move data 
updating, update = recalc formulas 
upper, uppercase = capitalize text

=V

value, values, val, vals = convert 
var, variance = variance
verb, verbs = iterate, define words
vertical = insert rows/cols, 
  delete rows/cols, enter data, enter lists
video = highlight
view, viewing = graph data

=W

whose, who, what, which = extract records, extract unique, find entries
where = extract records, extract unigue, find entries
wide, widen, wider, widening, width = column width
wipe, wiping = erase data, delete rows/cols, delete records
with = graph retrieve, file retrieve
word, words = define words
work, working = file retrieve, graph retrieve
write, writing = print data
wks = file list

=X

xtract, xtracting = extract records, extract unique

=Symbols

. = more requests
@, +, -, = enter formulas
+/- = format numbers
.. = row/col names, ranges, tables
@functions, @function, functions, equations = enter formulas, average,
  total, maximize, minimize, std deviation, variance 
@sum = total 
@avg = average 
@max = maximize 
@min = minimize 
@std = std deviation
/, \, slash, backslash = essential keys

-------------------------------------------------------
*HELP
To select a topic from the Help index, use these
keys:

     UP      PAGE UP      HOME
     DOWN    PAGE DOWN    END

To get help on a particular task, use a request.  For
example:

     REQUEST>help on tables
     REQUEST>help with formulas
     REQUEST>help macros

When typing a request, press F1 (HELP) at any time
for help on that request.  Press F1 again for a list
of the words you can type in the request box at that
point.
=====================================================
*ESSENTIAL KEYS


   Displays the  ╔═════╗    ╔═════╗  Displays the
   request box.  ║  \  ║    ║  /  ║  1-2-3 menu.
                 ╚═════╝    ╚═════╝ 

Enters contents  ╔═════╗    ╔═════╗  Changes to 1-2-3
 of request box  ║ Ins ║    ║ Esc ║  READY mode.
in current cell. ╚═════╝    ╚═════╝  Cancels request.

      BACKSPACE  ╔═════╗    ╔══════╗  TAB changes
     undoes the  ║ ── ║    ║ ──  ║  from EDIT
    last action  ╚═════╝    ║ ──  ║  mode to POINT
                            ╚══════╝  mode.
=====================================================
*FUNCTION KEYS

                   ╔══════╦══════╗
             HELP  ║  F1  ║  F2  ║  EDIT 
                   ║      ║      ║  
                   ╠══════╬══════╣
  REVIEW BACKWARD  ║  F3  ║  F4  ║  REVIEW FORWARD
                   ║      ║      ║
                   ╠══════╬══════╣
             GOTO  ║  F5  ║  F6  ║  TRANSLATE
                   ║      ║      ║
                   ╠══════╬══════╣
       TRANSCRIPT  ║  F7  ║  F8  ║  TABLE
                   ║      ║      ║  
                   ╠══════╬══════╣
           RECALC  ║  F9  ║ F10  ║  GRAPH
                   ║      ║      ║
                   ╚══════╩══════╝
=====================================================
*Abbreviate Text
To abbreviate label entries:

     abbreviate this
     abbreviate 

Label entries are abbreviated to 3 characters unless
you specify the number of characters to display:

     abbrev this row at 4 chars
     abb rows 5 to 9 showing 5 letters
     abb col g at 4 letters
     truncate description showing 2 chars
     trunc next row
=====================================================
*Align Text
To center, left align, or right align labels:

     center
     center row 5
     center column
     center cols a to f

     left align stock
     left align col b

     right align
     right align a1..c10
=====================================================
*Audit Dependents
Dependent cells are cells whose values change if you
change the value of another cell.  To highlight cells
in the current table that depend on the current cell:

     highlight dependencies

To highlight cells in F1..H27 that depend on B17:

     hlight deps on b17 in f1..h27

To list cells that depend on the current cell:

     list deps   [list starts 3 rows below the table]

To list cells from the January column that depend on
cell A24, beginning the list in K20:

     list deps on a24 in jan in k20
=====================================================
*Audit Formulas
To highlight formulas in the current table or in a
range:

     highlight formulas
     hlight formulas in goals

To list formulas in a range:

     list formulas in a27..d50

The list starts 3 rows below the current table,
unless you specify another destination:

     list formulas in mar to may in z20
     list formulas in f16
=====================================================
*Audit Precedents
Precedent cells are cells that, if changed, change
the value of another cell.  To highlight cells in the
current table precedent to the current cell:

     highlight precedents

To highlight precedent cells in a column:

     hlight prec on c35 in total sales

To list cells precedent to the current cell:

     list prec   [list starts 3 rows below the table]

To list cells from the Sales column that, if changed,
would change A24, beginning in K20:

     list precedents on a24 in sales in k20
=====================================================
*Audit Relations
To list the cell relations in the current table:

     list relations

To list the cell relations in a range:

     list rels in jan to mar

The list starts 3 rows below the current table,
unless you specify another destination:

     list relations in f16..h50 in y4
======================================================
*Average
To find the average of values in columns or rows:

     avg jan to jul
     avg a22..a33
     average all rows
     mean rows 12 to 28

The result appears below the columns or to the right
of the rows that are averaged, unless you specify a
destination:

     mean goals in t27
     avg a22..a33 at b34
=====================================================
*Capitalize Text
To capitalize the entire text of labels in a cell,
range or table:

     capitalize
     capitalize this
     cap column g
     cap a1..d10
     cap rows 8 to 10

To capitalize the first letter of each word in
labels:

     propercase cols a to c
     proper this row

To lowercase labels: 

     lowercase f2..g19
     lower col b
================================================
*Column Width
To narrow columns by 33% or widen by 50%:

     narrow all columns
     widen jansales

To change column width by a specific number of
characters:

     narrow by 3
     widen col d by 6

To change column width to a specific number of
characters:

     contract last name showing 4
     expand cols a thru c at 20
=====================================================
*Configure
To execute a series of commands and requests each
time you start a work session, create a text file
called AUTOHAL.PRN in the 1-2-3 worksheet global
default directory.  For example, create a file that
consists of these lines:

     stay
     transcript is datetime
     /frquotas~

This AUTOHAL.PRN file keeps the request box on the
screen, starts a date-and-time-stamped transcript
file, and retrieves a worksheet named QUOTAS.
=====================================================
*Convert
To convert formulas and labels to values:

     convert total sales
     convert col j 
     conv rows 1 to 3
     conv region_sales .. district_sales to numbers

To convert values to labels:

     conv stock to values
     conv cols a to c to labels
     conv this row to text
=====================================================
*Copy Data
To copy data from one location to another:

     copy to f7
     copy col b to col e
     duplicate store2 thru store4 to z23

To copy a single cell to fill a range:

     copy b1 to row 22
     dup e89 in b2..d18

To make a specific number of copies in a direction:

     copy col c right 3

To copy to an edge of the current table:

     copy this row down
=====================================================
*Data Table 1
A data table 1 lists unique entries from one database
field in one column. The other columns contain
summary statistics of other fields in the database.
To create a data table 1, specify:

 ■ The database field to search for unique entries
 ■ A database statistical function 
 ■ One or more adjacent fields on which to perform
   the function
 ■ Optionally, a destination for the table:

     tabulate dept averaging salary thru benefits
     create a table of region summing dollars
     tab col a variance col c in h100
=====================================================
*Data Table 2
A data table 2 lists unique entries from one database
field in the first column, and unique entries from
another field across the top of the table.  The other
columns contain summary statistics.  To create a data
table 2 specify:

 ■ Two fields in a database to search for unique
   entries
 ■ A database statistical function 
 ■ One or more adjacent fields on which to perform
   the function
 ■ Optionally, a destination for the table:

     tabulate store and month averaging sales
     xtab employees and months variance of col j to h
     crosstab col a and col b summing col f in s35
=====================================================
*Decrease Numbers
To decrease values by a fixed amount:

     decrease by 10
     subtract 4 from this row
     subtract 1000 from promo costs

To decrease by a percentage:

     dec forecast by 40%
     decrease rows 3 to 5 by 20%

To decrease by a ratio:

     decrease by 4 times
     divide col c by 3
     divide col c to f by 4
=====================================================
*Define Words
To add to or change the request vocabulary, modify
the synonym file, SYN_US.PRN.  Use a text editor or
1-2-3 to edit this file.  On a new line, enter the
word to define (or redefine), space, equal sign,
space, followed by a request or part of a request.
For example:

     payroll = sort by name and then print A1..D50
     labelize = iterate "{edit}{home}'~"
     payables = sort. give me the ones with balance>0
     sv = move home and then save as testfile
     compress = setup string is \15

Save the synonym file and start 1-2-3/HAL work
session to use the new words.  Words defined more
than once assume the last definition listed in the
synonym file.
=====================================================
*Delete Rows/Cols
To delete rows and columns beginning at the cell
pointer:

     delete 2 cols
     remove 5 rows

To delete specific rows or columns:

     delete row 8
     remove rows 3 to 7
     delete cols g to m
     drop june to aug

Deleting a row or column deletes both data and space.
=====================================================
*Delete Records
To delete database records that match criteria you
specify:

     delete records in which sales = 1000
     remove col c = No
     drop ones whose country = England
     delete credit = Y and balance = 1000
     drop ones whose credit = N or order =N
     omit col b = 50 and col g = 91101
     delete records with director = "Costa Gavras"
=====================================================
*Edit Entries
To edit a cell entry, display it in the request box:

 ■ To display the contents of the current cell in the
   request box, press F2 (EDIT)
 ■ To display the contents of a specified cell:
      fix c15

Use these keys to edit the entry in the request box:

       ESCAPE  Erases entry
    BACKSPACE  Deletes character to left of cursor
       DELETE  Deletes character at cursor
         HOME  Moves cursor to start of entry
          END  Moves cursor to end of entry
         LEFT  Moves cursor one character to the left
        RIGHT  Moves cursor one character right
 CONTROL-LEFT  Moves cursor one word to the left  
CONTROL-RIGHT  Moves cursor one word to the right
=====================================================
*Edit Requests
To edit a request that is currently displayed in the
request box, press F2 (EDIT).

Pressing F3 and F4 redisplays previous requests.

Use these keys to edit a request in the request box:

       ESCAPE  Erases request
    BACKSPACE  Deletes character to left of cursor
       DELETE  Deletes character at cursor
         HOME  Moves cursor to start of request
          END  Moves cursor to end of request
         LEFT  Moves cursor one character to the left
        RIGHT  Moves cursor one character right
 CONTROL-LEFT  Moves cursor one word to the left  
CONTROL-RIGHT  Moves cursor one word to the right
=====================================================
*Enter Data
To enter a label or number in the current cell, type
the entry in the request box and press INSERT:

     Sales [INSERT]

To enter a series of data entries down a column,
beginning at the current cell:

     enter Jones, Smythe, Peterson, Andrews
     enter Sales,10000,15000,20000,25000,Forecast
     enter mon to fri

To specify direction and location:

     type Qtr1,Qtr2,Qtr3,Qtr4 across
     enter PETERSON, DICKINSON, ABLE in salesperson
     put 32570,14999,5760 across in f1
     put feb to jun across in b9
=====================================================
*Enter Formulas
To enter a 1-2-3 formula or @function in the current
cell, type it in the request box and press INSERT:

      +a3+b5 [INSERT]

To enter formulas that calculate entire rows or
columns:

     make earnings = sales - expenses
     total = qtr1 + qtr2 + qtr3 + qtr4
     let col d = col c minus col b

To describe a mathematical relationship between two
or more cells and enter the result in a particular
cell:

     s46 = g10 + h30
     g5 = (e11*f11) * 2
=====================================================
*Enter Lists
To enter a series of days, months, letters, or
numbers vertically, beginning in the current cell:

     enter mon to fri
     type A to Z

To enter the list horizontally or to specify a
destination:

     enter a to m across
     type 5 to 20 in a5
     put feb to jun across in b9

Day and month names are spelled out with the first
letter capitalized.  You can use Abbreviate to
abbreviate these names.
=====================================================
*Erase Data
To erase data from a location without closing the
space it occupies:

     clr this
     blank jansales
     erase right 10
     clr down 10
     scratch left 2
     erase up
     clr left
     erase worksheet
=====================================================
*Extract Records 
To extract database records that match specified
criteria:

     extract records whose tax is < 1000
     match country not = Denmark
     which ones have col b = 50 and col g = 91101

Records that match the specified criteria appear 3
rows below the database, unless you specify another
destination:

     give me records whose col c = 2500 in af32
     match records whose country not = England in f6
     ext ones whose credit = OK or col d = 9050 in g1
=====================================================
*Extract Unique
To extract database records with a unique entry in
one or more fields:

     extract unique salespeople
     match unique country where population > 1000000

Records that meet the specified criteria appear 3
rows below the database, unless you specify another
destination:

     ext unique city to state where expense>0 in h23
=====================================================
*File Import
To copy a print (.PRN) file from the current
directory into the worksheet at the location of the
cell pointer:

     import syn_us
     import names
     import transcript1

The file is imported as text (ASCII), unless you
specify "numbers" in your request:

     import myfile as numbers

The print file can be up to 240 characters wide and
as long as the worksheet.
=====================================================
*File List
To display a list of files of a particular type in
the current directory: 

     list
     dir *.wks
     list *.prn
     dir print files
     list pic files
     list graph files

To display all files in the current directory:

     dir *.*

Press RETURN to return to the worksheet after viewing
the list.
=====================================================
*File Save
To save the current worksheet in a worksheet file:

     save as labels
     keep under 86list
     save the worksheet
     file

If you do not specify a file name, you are prompted
for a name.  If you specify an existing file name,
select Replace to overwrite the file on disk with the
current worksheet, or select Cancel to leave the
existing file intact.
=====================================================
*File Retrieve
To retrieve a worksheet file:

     retrieve janSales
     load sheet1
     get region

To display a menu of worksheet files:

     get

When the menu appears, select a name, type a new
name, or cancel the request by pressing ESCAPE until
the control panel is empty.
=====================================================
*Find Entries
To find the first cell entry in the current table
that contains the specified string:

     find bill    [Matches bill, bills or billion]
     find =bill   [Matches only bill]

To find the first occurrence of a string in a range:

     locate "promo costs" in a1..d15

To find the first occurrence of a string in formulas:

     search for @SUM in col g in formulas

To find the next occurrence of a string if your
previous request was a find request:

     next
=====================================================
*Format Numbers
To display numbers in the 1-2-3 numeric formats:

     show sales fixed with 4 decimals
     format col c as $ with 0 places
     display this , with 4 places
     show row 7 percent with 0 places
     format total as formulas
     display received as dates        [date 1 format]

To reset default numeric format:

     format this reset

To format like another region:

     format col c like col b
     format this col like b32
=====================================================
*Graph Data
To create a bar graph from numeric data and view it
on a graphics monitor, specify the table or range to
graph:

     graph this           [Columns in current table]
     graph this as rows   [Rows in current table]
     plot jan to mar      [Columns January to March]

To create another type of graph:

     graph a7..d15 as rows as stacked bar
     graph store1 to store4 as line
     graph this row as pie

To create an XY graph, specify versus (vs) or against:

     graph total vs region2
=====================================================
*Graph Names
To name the current graph:

     name graph firstgraph
     call graph may86
     call graph salesexpend

Naming the graph saves current graph setting such as
data ranges, titles, and labels, so you can redraw
the graph later.  If data in the worksheet has
changed, the graph is redrawn accordingly.

A graph name can be up to 14 characters long.
=====================================================
*Graph Data Range
To specify the data ranges to represent in a graph:

     make B range be row 10
     set A-range to equal col c
     make 3rd range be SALES
     make X-range col b

To cancel data range settings:

     reset B range
     reset graph

Specify up to six data ranges for a single graph.  If
you do not specify ranges, data ranges are assigned
based on the relative position of each row or column
in the range you are graphing.
=====================================================
*Graph Retrieve
To retrieve and display a named graph:

     get graph monthlysales
     retrieve graph salesavgs
     load graph store2

These requests retrieve the graph settings associated
with the graph name and redraw the graphs based on
the current worksheet data.
=====================================================
*Graph Save
To store the current graph in a graph (.PIC) file:

     save graph as sales1
     store graph under rdchart
     file graph

You can print the .PIC file later using the 1-2-3
PrintGraph Program.  

Unlike a named graph, which is stored in a worksheet
data, a graph saved in a .PIC file remains intact
even if the data on which it is based is changed or
not available.
=====================================================
*Graph Labels
To create a centered title above a graph:

     title graph Sales Forecast

To create a centered subtitle below the title:

     label 2nd line January 1987

To label the horizontal axis:

     title x-axis (dollars)

To label the vertical axis:

     label y axis Average Sales

Type titles and labels (up to 39 characters long)
exactly as you want them to appear in the graph.
=====================================================
*Hide Columns
To hide columns without permanently erasing data: 

     hide col f
     hide cols a to d
     hide jan to mar

To redisplay hidden columns:

     reveal col f
     unhide cols a to d
     reveal jan to march

This capability is available with 1-2-3 Release 2.
=====================================================
*Highlight
To display entries in a brighter intensity or in
a contrasting color:

     highlight a1..h3
     bold store3
     high this column 
     highlight formulas in this row

To remove highlighting:

     unhigh a1.h3
     unbold store3

You can also highlight cell relations, dependencies,
precedents, and formulas in a range (see Audit). 

Note that if you highlight protected cells, they
become unprotected.
=====================================================
*If / Then
To perform a request only if a condition is met, use
an if/then statement. The condition is a mathematical
expression.  The request is executed if the condition
is true:

     if g14 is more than 5 then increase col g by 20%
     if a22 < 50 then move down 4
     if @count(b1..b200)<66 then print this to a:test
     if total > 10000 then highlight sales

If/then statements are useful in macros (see Macro
Creation).
=====================================================
*Increase Numbers
To increase values by a fixed amount:

     increase by 500
     add 20 to this
     add 1000 to promo costs

To increase by a ratio:

     increase by 5 times
     multiply the sales row by 6

To increase by a percentage:

     inc c10..e25 by 10%
     increase next col by 25%
=====================================================
*Insert Key

Pressing [INSERT] will enter the contents of the
request box in the current cell (where the cell
pointer is located).

                   ╔═════════╗
                   ║   Ins   ║
                   ╚═════════╝

You may also insert the contents of the request box
by preceding the text with a label-prefix character.

NOTE:

If you press [RETURN] after a request, HAL will
always attempt to interpret the request and will
will not enter the text in the current cell.
=====================================================
*Insert Rows/Cols
To insert blank rows or columns in the worksheet at
the location of the cell pointer:

     insert col
     insert 5 rows
     insert 3 cols
     insert row
=====================================================
*Iterate
To create and execute a macro without putting it in
the worksheet:

 ■ Begin a request with the word iterate
 ■ Type a 1-2-3 macro
 ■ Optionally, specify the range the macro should
   operate on:

     iterate "{edit}{home}{right}  ~"   on col 3
     iterate "{edit}{home}@SUM({end})~" on Totals
     iterate """Void" on name

Iterate is useful in defining new words in your
synonym file (see Define Words).  For example:

     Fahr = iterate "{edit}*9/5+32~"
=====================================================
*Link Data
To link a cell in the current (target) worksheet to a
cell or range in another (source) worksheet in the
same directory:

     link this cell to j50 in maysales
     link g35 to a5..f17 in profit

Each time you retrieve the target worksheet, the
value of the cell or range in the source worksheet
is copied. 

To unlink the target cell:

     unlink g35

To list the links in the current table:

     show links
=====================================================
*Macro Creation
To create a macro, use a blank area of the worksheet
at least 2 rows and columns away from other data:

 ■ Enter the series of macro instructions in a column
   (up to 240 characters in one cell). For example:

     get 86sales
     if Total > 1000 then compress and print work
     /QY
 ■ Use separate lines for requests and 1-2-3
   commands.
 ■ Do not include curly braces ({}), control
   characters, tildes (~), or slashes (/) in the same
   line as a HAL request.
 ■ End the macro by leaving the cell below it blank.
 ■ Name the macro by specifying its start location:

     name b100 printmacro
=====================================================
*Macro Execution 
To execute a macro, specify the name of the macro or
the address of the first cell of instructions in the
macro:

     run setupmacro
     run this
     run b15
     do printmacro

If a macro includes parameters, specify the
replacement parameters in the request to execute the
macro:

     run mysort b7..d50 col c desc

See "Creating Advanced Macros" in Chapter 4 of the
Lotus HAL User's Manual for more information.
=====================================================
*Macro Messages
To make a macro interactive, include the word
"message", followed by a message of up to 240
characters:

     message What months would you like to graph?
     message What are the figures for January?
     message To print again type 1.

A window displays the message, and the macro pauses
for a response.  The response is stored as a
temporary variable called %response to be used
elsewhere in the macro:

     graph %response as bar
     enter %response in January
     if %response = 1 then print this
=====================================================
*Matrix Invert
To invert a matrix, specify its range:

     invert a7..d10
     invert may thru jun

The resulting matrix appears 3 rows below the table
that contains the matrix to invert, unless you
specify a destination:

     invert mydata in ab20

The matrix must have the same number of rows as
columns.  It can be up to 90 rows by 90 columns.

This capability is available with 1-2-3 Release 2.
=====================================================
*Matrix Multiply
To multiply two matrices, specify their locations:

     matrix multiply a7..d10 times n9..q12
     matrix mult salesdata times newdata

The resulting matrix appears below the current table,
unless you specify a destination:

     mat mult h16..m30 times o12..t17 in v10

There must be the same number of columns in the first
matrix as rows in the second.  Matrices you multiply
can be as large as 90 rows by 90 columns.

This capability is available with 1-2-3 Release 2.
=====================================================
*Maximize
To calculate the largest value in rows or columns of
values:

     maximize jan thru july
     max promo costs
     max b40..e46

The result appears in a cell below the column or to
the right of the row whose maximum is found, unless
you specify another destination:

     max col b in g40
     maximize all rows in f50
=====================================================
*Minimize
To find the smallest value in rows or columns of
values:

     minimize rows 4 thru 6
     min promo costs

The result appears in a cell below the column or to
the right of the row whose minimum is found, unless
you specify another destination:

     minimize qtr1 in c17
=====================================================
*Move Around
To move the cell pointer to a specific cell without
using the arrow keys, press F5 (GOTO) and enter a
cell address or range name, or, use a request:

     goto x5
     go to jan
     goto col b

To move the cell pointer in a specific direction:

     go left 2
     home
     go down
     go right 4
=====================================================
*Move Data
To move entries from one location to another:

     move this cell to b13
     move qtd to ytd
     relocate store1 to store 5
     reloc this to B7

To move entries in a specific direction:

     move d41..g5 left
     move addresses right 10
     reloc this row down 7
     relocate store5 up 5 rows
==================================================
*Name Ranges
To name a cell or range of cells:

     name this cell salesdat
     name c1..d50 inventory
     call this macro1
     call b100 start_macro
     rename cols b to d sales

Range names can be up to 14 characters long.
=====================================================
*Point Mode
       ╔══════╗
Press  ║ ──  ║  TAB (POINT) to change to POINT mode
       ║ ──  ║              when entering a request. 
       ╚══════╝

For example, you can use POINT mode when entering a
request to erase a region:

 ■ Move the cell pointer to the beginning of the
   range to erase
 ■ Start the request with "erase" followed by a space
 ■ Press TAB (POINT)
 ■ Use the pointer-movement keys to highlight the
   range to erase
 ■ Press RETURN to enter the request

Press . (period) while in POINT mode to mark a new
start point for the range and continue highlighting. 
=====================================================
*Print Data
To print a portion of a worksheet on a printer:

     print col a to col f
     write sales

To print an entire worksheet:

     print all
     write worksheet

To write data to a print file (.PRN) on a disk:

     print total sales to totsales
     write row 1 thru 6 to newplan
     print this to myfile
     print all to myfile
=====================================================
*Print Font/Style
To specify a font size and style to use when
printing:

     setup string is \027\056
     setup string is \027\066\027\045 

You can enter synonyms for printer control codes in
your synonym file (see Define Words).  For example,
add the entry

     compress =  \015

to specify compressed printing with this request:

     setup string is compress

Consult your printer manual for printer control
codes.
=====================================================
*Print Margins
To set the left or right margin for the printed page: 

     set left margin = 11
     set rm to 84

To set the top or bottom margin for the printed page:

     set top margin to 10
     set bm = 6
=====================================================
*Printer Advance
To advance continuous-feed paper by 1 page:

     advance printer

To advance by a specified number of pages:

     adv page 2 pages
     move paper 3 pages

To advance by lines:

     advance paper 5 lines
     adv printer 2 lines
     move page 1 line
=====================================================
*Project Numbers
To project values in adjacent labeled columns in a
table:

     project at 10%
     grow col h by 50%

To project values in labeled rows in a table:

     proj row 4 by 10%

The projected values appear in the next column to the
right or below the row.  To project values across or
down to the edge of the table:

     project jan across at 25%
     proj Peterson down by -10%
     grow col r across by 2%
=====================================================
*Protect Entries
To protect a cell or range from change and deletion:

  ■ First use the 1-2-3 Worksheet Global Protection
    command to enable global protection
  ■ Then, to protect cells and ranges:

     protect a1..h3
     prot store3
     prot rows 3 to 8

To unprotect a range:

     unprotect maysales
     unprot j7..k14
=====================================================
*Quit
To end a 1-2-3/HAL work session and return to the
operating system:

     quit
     exit 
     bye

A 1-2-3 menu appears. Select Yes to confirm or No
to return to the worksheet.
=====================================================
*Ranges
A range is a rectangular block of cells in the
worksheet.  In a request, you can specify a range
by column letter, by row number, or by specific cell
addresses:

     column a
     row 20
     row 3..row 10
     cols a to c
     next col
     previous row
     g5 to x20
     a1..h12
     this table

You can also use field names and row and column
labels to refer to regions in a table (see Row/Col
Names).
=====================================================
*Recalc Formulas
To recalculate all the formulas in the worksheet,
press F9 (RECALC), or use a request:

     recalculate
     update
     calc

To recalculate the formulas in a specific section of
the worksheet:

     recalculate this cell
     recalc this
     update anderson

When the CALC indicator is not visible, all values in
the worksheet are current.
=====================================================
*Repeat Request
To repeat the last request, press F3 once then
RETURN, or use a request:

     again
     redo
     again 5 times
     repeat last command 2 times 

To repeat an earlier request, press F3 and F4 to
review previous requests and press RETURN when the
one you want appears in the request box.
=====================================================
*Replace Entries
To replace the first occurrence of a specified string
in the current table:

     change Chicago to Boston
     change "bill smith" to "William Smythe" in col aa
     rep @sum(a1..a10) with @sum(a1..a20) in formulas

To replace the next occurrence of the string:

     replace next "quarterly sales" with "Quarter 1"

To replace every occurrence of a string in the
current table:

     change 800 to 810 globally in col e
     rep all qtr with Quarter 
     change all @sum to @avg in formulas
=====================================================
*Report
A report groups identical items in a column of a
database and inserts statistical functions such as
subtotals at the break between each group.

To create a report specify:

 ■ The field to use to group like items
 ■ The statistical function to perform
 ■ One or more adjacent fields on which to perform
   the statistical function
 ■ Optionally, a destination for the report:

     report on region and sales
     report on store and avg sold to total sales
     report on col g and var of col h to j in z20
     report on salesperson and std of qtr1 in a100
=====================================================
*Request Box
Press BACKSLASH (\) to display the request box. 
After a request, the box disappears and you return to
1-2-3 READY mode.  To keep the request box on the
screen after each request, enter the request:

     stay

To remove automatic display of the request box:

     go away

Press SLASH to display the 1-2-3 menu.

Press ESCAPE to return to 1-2-3 READY mode.

Include the stay request in the AUTOHAL.PRN startup
file if you want to display the request box
automatically (see Configure).
=====================================================
*Row/Col Names
Refer to a location in the current table by:

 ■ The field name, or the label at the top of a
   column: 

     copy January to February
     move jan to oct to b4

 ■ The label at the left end of a row:

     copy Keller to row 41
     move Boston down 4

 ■ The position relative to the current row or
   column:

     format next col as %
     erase previous row
=====================================================
*Sort Records
To sort records in a database using one sort key:

     sort col a to d by col c
     arrange by hire date descending

To sort a database by two sort keys:

     sort by qtr1 then by salesperson
     group by country then by post code desc
     arr by last name then by first name

Records are sorted in ascending (lowest to highest)
order unless you specify descending order.
=====================================================
*Specify Location
A request that does not specify a location usually
refers to the current cell.  "Copy right", "print",
and "erase" refer to the current cell.

Requests can also contain special references to
locations:

HOME   The cell A1

HERE   The cell currently containing the cell pointer

THIS   The current table, where the cell pointer is
       located; "erase this" erases the current table

  IT   The last location or region referred to in
       the previous request; "print column d" and
       "graph it" print and graph column d
=====================================================
*Std Deviation
To find the standard deviation of rows or columns of
values:

     std of all rows
     std of col c

The result appears below the columns or to the right
of the rows whose standard deviation is found, unless
you specify another destination:

     std of col c in z22
=====================================================
*Tables
A table is a rectangular area of the worksheet
that contains data.  The edges of the table are
defined by two blank rows or columns or by the
worksheet borders.  The current table is the one that
contains the cell pointer.  

To highlight the current table, press F8 (TABLE) 

Requests that include the word "this" not followed by
the word "cell" refer to the current table:

     print this
     move this up 3

If a request produces an unexpected result, verify
that the cell pointer is positioned on the correct
table.
=====================================================
*Total
To find the sum of rows or columns of values:

     sum col a
     add row 1
     total all cols

The result appears below the columns or to the right
of the rows whose values are totaled, unless you
specify another destination:

     add jansales in d5
     sum all rows at a20
=====================================================
*Transcript Files
A transcript file stores a record of requests and
keystrokes entered in the request box.  Press F7
(TRANSCRIPT) and type:

  ■ S to start a new transcript file
  ■ C to continue a previous transcript file
  ■ F to finish recording a transcript file

You can also use a request to create or end a
transcript file:

     transcript = datetime
     transcript is off

You can import a transcript file into the worksheet
and use parts of it to create macros.  
=====================================================
*Transcript Notes
To add comments to the transcript file as it is being
created, type a semicolon (;) followed by the
comment in the request box, and press RETURN.  Below
is a sample transcript file with comments:

     ;Procedure for creating a sales projection
     ;Enter names of salespeople 
     enter Boyers,Grass,Keller,Percy,Robbins,Stolp
     {Up}{Right} 
     ;Now the headings 
     enter jan to june across 
     {Down} 
     ;enter Jan sales amounts 
     enter 2500,3900,2850
     grow this col right at 10% then total all cols
     format this as currency
     /fssample~
=====================================================
*Translate
Press F6 (TRANSLATE) to display the equivalent 1-2-3
command for a request.  Here are some sample requests
and their translations:

    Request:  copy col a right one  
Translation: /CA1..A6 ─┘ B1..B6 ─┘

    Request:  format a8 $
Translation: /RFC2 ─┘ A8 ─┘

    Request:  erase work
Translation:  /WE
=====================================================
*Transpose Data
To rearrange entries in a range so that rows become
columns and vice versa:

     transpose cols a thru c
     transpose row 2

The transposed data appears 3 rows below the current
table, unless you specify another destination:

     trans sales in ac20
     trans store1 to store3 in b12

This capability is available with 1-2-3 Release 2.
=====================================================
*Underline Data
To enter a single or double line below a row or
column:

     underline row 2
     underline this row
     underline this table
     double underline col c
     double underline row 5

To enter a single or double line in a particular row:

     draw line at row 16
     draw double line at row 4

Note that entering a line in a row writes over data
in the specified row.
=====================================================
*Undo an Action
 ╔═════╗  
 ║ ── ║ Press BACKSPACE (UNDO) to undo the last
 ╚═════╝  request.

Pressing BACKSPACE (UNDO) again redoes the action.

To turn UNDO off or on:

     undo off
     undo on
=====================================================
*Variance
To find the variance of rows or columns of values:

     variance col f
     var this row

The result appears below the column or to the right
of the row whose variance is found, unless you
specify another destination:

     variance store2 in s5
=====================================================
*Worksheet Status
To display memory (RAM) available for the worksheet,
method of recalculation, display formats, and
protection status:

     show status 
     show memory

Press RETURN when you finish viewing worksheet
status.
=====================================================
*MORE REQUESTS
To enter several requests in the request box
simultaneously, separate the individual requests
with:

  ■ then
  ■ and then
  ■ . (PERIOD)

For example:

     move right two then down one
     sort this and then print it
     erase col g. erase col m.
=====================================================
